Quarantine plant pathogen

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus → Monochamus alternatus → Bursaphelenchus mucronatus

Source EPPO: BURSXY Vector EPPO: MONCAL Target EPPO: BURSMU
RU A1 K-K

← To all hypotheses

Scoring

All four metrics are dimensionless. The total score is the product of specificity, host distance and confidence.

0.500
Specificity
1 / the number of pathogens on the vector — this vector carries 2 pathogens in EPPO.
0.00
Host distance
1.0 = no shared hosts · 0.5 = shared family · 0.2 = shared genus · 0.0 = shared species.
1.00
Confidence (K-K)
K = confirmed vector (1.0), P = potential (0.5); both edges are multiplied.
0.000
Total
specificity × host distance × confidence

Distribution: Bursaphelenchus mucronatus

Countries with recorded presence per the EPPO Global Database (35 ISO codes).

KRITFRROPLGEAZCNJPTHRUSIATEEFILVBYMDAMCHLTNOUASEKZTWTRCAESRSDEBACZHUGR

Host plants: Bursaphelenchus mucronatus

Top 10 host taxa per EPPO; classes per EPPO host categorisation.

  • Larix gmelinii var. olgensis LAXOL Major host
  • Larix sibirica LAXSI Major host
  • Picea 1PIEG Major host
  • Pinus 1PIUG Major host
  • Abies sibirica ABISB Host
  • Picea abies PIEAB Host
  • Pinus brutia PIUBR Host
  • Pinus densiflora PIUDE Host
  • Pinus massoniana PIUMA Host
  • Pinus nigra PIUNI Host

Sources

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus ↔ Monochamus alternatus

* Akbulut S, Stamps WT (2012) Insect vectors of the pinewood nematode: a review of the biology and ecology of Monochamus species. Forest Pathology 42, 89-99.
------- M. alternatus is the most important vector of the nematode in Asia.

* Evans HF, McNamara DG, Braasch H, Chadoeuf J, Magnusson C (1996) Pest Risk Analysis for the territories of the European Union (as PRA area) on Bursaphlenchus xylophilus and its vectors in the genus Monochamus. EPPO Bulletin 26, 199-249.

* Kobayashi F, Yamane A, Ikeda T (1984) The Japanese pine sawyer beetle as the vector of pine wilt disease. Annual Review of Entomology 29, 115–135.

* Linit MJ (1988) Nematode-vector relationships in the pine wilt disease system. Journal of Nematology 20(2), 227-235.

Monochamus alternatus ↔ Bursaphelenchus mucronatus

*  Silva H, Cardoso JM, Manadas B, Fonseca L (2026) Insights into pine wilt disease: a review on biology and pathogenicity of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus. Trees, Forests and People 24, 101123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101123
------- main vector in Asia.