DRUG

Auranofin

Rheumatoid arthritis (FDA 1985)

35 hypotheses across 8 therapeutic domains

CROSS-DOMAIN PATTERN

Same drug, multiple disease domains

Auranofin appears in hypotheses across 8 disease domains: ALS, Alzheimer, Epilepsy, Glioblastoma, Inflammatory bowel disease, Multiple sclerosis, Pancreatic cancer, Type 2 diabetes. Shared mediators that recur across at least two of those domains: Nrf2, GSK-3β, Caspase-3, TDP-43, PD-L1, HIF-1α.

Aggregated from the catalog. Biological interpretation of any multi-indication mechanism would require independent validation — this is a structural observation only.

ALL HYPOTHESES

Repurposing candidates for Auranofin

ALS 13

Mediator	Outcome	Score	Tier	Lit. status	Trial
TDP-43	ALS	0.614	High	partial evidence	none	Case study →
Nrf2	antioxidant defense	0.345	High	reproduces known	none
Nrf2	ALS	0.345	High	partial evidence	none
TDP-43	FTLD	0.312	High	novel signal	none
TDP-43	motor deficits	0.269	Mid	novel signal	none
TDP-43	neurodegenerative diseases	0.269	Mid	reproduces known	none
Caspase-3	Alzheimer's disease	0.269	Mid	partial evidence	none
TDP-43	Alzheimer's disease	0.269	Mid	partial evidence	none
TDP-43	neuronal dysfunction	0.269	Mid	novel signal	none
TDP-43	frontotemporal dementia	0.269	Mid	partial evidence	none
Caspase-3	neuronal apoptosis	0.269	Mid	novel signal	none
TDP-43	neurodegeneration	0.269	Mid	partial evidence	none
GSK-3β	FUS-induced neurotoxicity	0.269	Mid	novel signal	none

Alzheimer 2

Mediator	Outcome	Score	Tier	Lit. status	Trial
Nrf2	Alzheimer's disease	0.345	High	partial evidence	none
GSK-3β	tau hyperphosphorylation	0.330	High	novel signal	none

Epilepsy 5

Mediator	Outcome	Score	Tier	Lit. status	Trial
GSK-3β	hippocampal damage	0.269	Mid	novel signal	none
Caspase-3	drug-resistant epilepsy	0.269	Mid	novel signal	none
TDP-43	Hippocampal sclerosis	0.269	Mid	novel signal	none
HIF-1α	epilepsy	0.208	Mid	novel signal	none
HIF-1α	hippocampal neuron damage	0.208	Mid	novel signal	none

Glioblastoma 3

Mediator	Outcome	Score	Tier	Lit. status	Trial
PD-L1	longer survival	0.208	Mid	novel signal	none
PD-L1	glioblastoma multiforme	0.208	Mid	partial evidence	completed
PD-L1	treatment resistance	0.208	Mid	partial evidence	none

Inflammatory bowel disease 2

Mediator	Outcome	Score	Tier	Lit. status	Trial
HIF-1α	ulcerative colitis	0.269	Mid	partial evidence	none
HIF-1α	inflammatory bowel disease	0.208	Mid	partial evidence	none

Multiple sclerosis 1

Mediator	Outcome	Score	Tier	Lit. status	Trial
Nrf2	disease progression	0.345	High	reproduces known	none

Pancreatic cancer 8

Mediator	Outcome	Score	Tier	Lit. status	Trial
Nrf2	chemoresistance	0.406	High	reproduces known	none
Nrf2	poor prognosis	0.345	High	reproduces known	none
PD-L1	poor differentiation	0.269	Mid	novel signal	none
TXNRD1	resistance	0.269	Mid	reproduces known	none
GSK-3β	acinar-to-ductal metaplasia	0.269	Mid	novel signal	none
Caspase-3	inflammatory peritumoral infiltration	0.269	Mid	novel signal	none
PD-L1	type 2 autoimmune pancreatitis	0.269	Mid	novel signal	none
p53	lysophospholipid levels	0.208	Mid	novel signal	none

Type 2 diabetes 1

Mediator	Outcome	Score	Tier	Lit. status	Trial
Nrf2	type 1 diabetes	0.345	High	novel signal	none

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